Specifications

Basic information

Colorless clear liquid. There is a benzene-like smell. Strong refractive index. With ethanol, ether, acetone, chloroform, carbon disulfide and glacial acetic acid miscible, very slightly soluble in water. Relative density 0.866. The freezing point is -95°C. Boiling point 110.6 ℃. Refractive index 1.4967. Flash point (closed cup) 4.4 ℃. Flammable. Vapor can form explosive mixture with air, explosion limit 1.2~7.0 (volume). Low toxicity, median lethal dose (rat, oral) 5000 mg/kg. High concentrations of gas are narcotic. It's irritating.

Application areas

Toluene is widely used as a solvent and high octane gasoline additive, and is also an important raw material for organic chemical industry. However, compared with benzene and xylene obtained from coal and oil at the same time, the current output is relatively excessive, so a considerable amount of toluene is used for dealkylation of benzene or disproportionation of xylene.

A series of intermediates derived from toluene, widely used in the production of dyes; pharmaceuticals; pesticides; explosives; additives; spices and other fine chemicals, also used in the synthetic materials industry. The side chain chlorination of toluene to obtain benzyl chloride; dichlorobenzyl chloride and trichlorobenzyl chloride, including their derivatives benzyl alcohol; benzaldehyde and benzoyl chloride, in medicine; pesticides; dyes, especially in the synthesis of spices are widely used. The cyclic chlorination products of toluene are intermediates of pesticides; pharmaceuticals; dyes. Toluene is oxidized to give benzoic acid, which is an important food preservative (mainly using its sodium salt) and is also used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Intermediates prepared by sulfonation of toluene and benzene derivatives, including p-toluenesulfonic acid and its sodium salt; CLT acid; toluene -2,4-disulfonic acid; benzaldehyde -2,4-disulfonic acid; toluene sulfonyl chloride, etc., used in detergent additives, fertilizer anti-caking additives; organic pigments; pharmaceuticals; production of dyes. The nitration of toluene gave a large amount of intermediate.

Packaging, transportation and safety

Precautions for storage: Store in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. The temperature of the warehouse should not exceed 30 ℃. Keep container sealed. Should be stored separately from the oxidant, do not mix storage. Explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities shall be adopted. It is forbidden to use mechanical equipment and tools that are easy to produce sparks. The storage area should be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment and suitable containment materials.