Specification parameters

Essential information
physical property

Sodium bicarbonate is a white crystal or an opaque monoclinic crystal with fine crystals. The specific gravity is 2.15. Odorless, salty in taste, soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol. Its aqueous solution is slightly alkaline due to hydrolysis, stable at room temperature, easily decomposed when heated, rapidly decomposed above 50 ℃, completely loses carbon dioxide at 270 ℃, remains unchanged in dry air, and slowly decomposes in humid air. Solubility: 7.8g, 18 ℃; 16.0g, 60 ℃.

Chemical property

Easy to decompose when heated. Slowly decompose in humid air. The reaction starts at around 50 ℃ to generate CO ₂, and at 100 ℃, it completely turns into sodium carbonate. It rapidly decomposes in weak acid, and its aqueous solution begins to decompose into carbon dioxide and sodium carbonate at 20 ℃, and completely decomposes at the boiling point. Dissolve in 10 parts of water at 25 ℃, dissolve in 12 parts of water at approximately 18 ℃, and insoluble in ethanol. The solution made of cold water without stirring only exhibits a slight alkaline reaction to phenolphthalein test paper. When placed or heated, its alkalinity increases. The pH value of a 0.1mol/L aqueous solution freshly prepared at 25 ℃ is 8.3. Low toxicity, LD50 (rat, oral) 4420mg/kg.

Application area 

1. Sodium bicarbonate can be directly used as a raw material in the pharmaceutical industry to treat excessive stomach acid.
2. Used for film production, tanning, mineral processing, smelting, metal heat treatment, as well as for fiber and rubber industries.
3. Used as a detergent for wool and for soaking seeds in agriculture.  
4. It is a widely used loosening agent in the food industry, which is used to produce biscuits, cakes, Mantou, bread, etc. It is a carbon dioxide generator in soft drinks; It can be combined with alum to form alkaline fermentation powder, or with soda ash to form civil stone alkali; It can also be used as a butter preservative.
5. Fire fighting equipment is used to produce acid alkali fire extinguishers and foam fire extinguishers.
6. The rubber industry uses it in combination with alum and H pore forming agents to achieve uniform pore formation in the production of rubber and sponge.
7. Used as a flux for casting steel ingots in the metallurgical industry.

8. Used as a molding aid for cast steel (sand casting) sand molds in the mechanical industry.
9. Used in the printing and dyeing industry as a fixing agent, acid-base buffering agent, and post-treatment agent for fabric dyeing and finishing. Adding baking soda during dyeing can prevent yarn from producing color spots. 10. Used as raw materials for acid making agents in the pharmaceutical industry.
11. Used as an analytical reagent, inorganic synthesis, pharmaceutical industry, treatment of acidosis, fermentation agent in the food industry, generator of carbon dioxide in soda and cold drinks, and preservative for butter.
12. Used for food blanching and removing astringency. Because it can increase the pH value, it can improve the water holding capacity of proteins, promote softening of food tissue cells, and facilitate the dissolution of astringent ingredients. It has a deodorizing effect on goat milk (dosage 10-20mg/kg).
13. As an acidity regulator and chemical leavening agent, it can be used in various foods that require the addition of leavening agents according to Chinese regulations. It should be used in moderation according to production needs

Packaging, Storage, Transportation, and Safety

Storage: Store in a dry and ventilated indoor warehouse, be careful during transportation to prevent bag breakage or loose packaging. Baking soda should not be stored or transported together with toxic substances to prevent contamination and moisture, and should be isolated from acidic products.
Health hazards
Sodium bicarbonate is an extremely weak base that is close to neutral at room temperature. When its solid or aqueous solution is heated above 50 ℃, it can be converted into sodium carbonate, which is irritating and corrosive to humans, and irritating to the eyes, skin, and respiratory mucosa, causing inflammation.
Emergency measures
Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse with plenty of running water.
Eye contact: Lift the eyelids and rinse with flowing water or saline solution. Seek medical attention.
Inhalation: Remove from the scene to a place with fresh air. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. Seek medical attention
Ingestion: Drink plenty of warm water and induce vomiting. Seek medical attention.

Leakage handling
Isolate the contaminated area and restrict access. It is recommended that emergency personnel wear dust masks (full face shields) and general work clothes. Avoid dust, sweep up carefully, place in a bag and transfer to a safe place. If there is a large leakage, cover it with plastic cloth or canvas. Collect, recycle or transport to waste disposal sites for disposal.