Specifications

Basic information

Nitrobenzene, organic compound, also known as dense spot oil, bitter almond oil, colorless or yellowish oily liquid with bitter almond flavor. Difficult to dissolve in water, density than water; soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene and oil. In case of open fire and high heat, it will burn and explode. It reacts violently with nitric acid. Nitrobenzene is obtained by nitration of benzene with nitric acid and sulfuric acid. It is used as an intermediate for organic synthesis and as a raw material for the production of aniline. Used in the production of dyes, spices, explosives and other organic synthesis industry.

Application areas

Nitrobenzene is an important organic intermediate thereof. Nitrobenzene is sulfonated with sulfur trioxide to obtain 3-nitrobenzene sulfonic acid. Can be used as a dye intermediate mild oxidant and anti-dyeing salt S. Nitrobenzene sulfonated with chlorosulfonic acid to nitrobenzene sulfonyl chloride, used as dyes, pharmaceutical intermediates. Nitrobenzene is chlorinated to 3-nitrochlorobenzene, which is widely used in the production of dyes and pesticides. After reduction, m-chloroaniline can be obtained. As a dye orange-based GC, it is also an intermediate of medicine, pesticide, fluorescent whitening agent, organic pigment, etc. Nitrobenzene nitrification can be obtained m-dinitrobenzene, and m-phenylenediamine can be obtained by reduction. It is used as dye intermediate, epoxy resin curing agent, petroleum additive and cement accelerator. m-dinitrobenzene, such as sodium sulfide, is partially used to obtain m-nitroaniline in principle. Is the dye orange base R, is an intermediate of azo dyes and organic pigments.

Packaging, transportation and safety

Hazardous characteristics:In case of open flame, high heat or contact with oxidant, there is a danger of combustion and explosion. It reacts strongly with nitric acid.

Combustion (decomposition) products: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide.

Emergency treatment of leakage

Quickly evacuate the personnel from the leakage pollution area to the safety area, isolate them and strictly restrict the access. Cut off the fire source. It is recommended that emergency personnel wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and protective clothing. Do not touch the leak directly. Cut off the leak source as much as possible. Prevent access to restricted spaces such as sewers and flood drainage ditches. When nitrobenzene is sprinkled on the ground, immediately use sand and mud to block the temperature extension of the leakage, wear masks and gloves, collect the leakage or leakage in an appropriate container for storage, absorb the residual liquid with sand or other inert materials, and transfer to a safe area. Immediately carefully collect the contaminated soil and transfer it to a safe area. When nitrobenzene is dumped on the water surface, the flow of the polluted water body should be cut off quickly to avoid the spread of pollution. The poisoned personnel immediately left the scene, went to a place with fresh air, took off the contaminated coat, washed the skin with a lot of water, gargled, drank a lot of water, induced vomiting, and sent to the hospital. Fire with a large amount of water and dry powder, foam, carbon dioxide and other fire extinguishers. Persons exposed to nitrobenzene are strictly prohibited from drinking alcohol, so as not to aggravate the accelerated toxicity. Strengthen ventilation along the ground to drive off nitrobenzene vapor.

Protective measures

Respiratory protection: Wear a filtering respirator (half mask) when exposed to vapors. In case of emergency rescue or evacuation, it is recommended to wear self-contained breathing apparatus.

Eye protection: Wear safety goggles.

Body protection: wear breathable protective clothing.

Hand protection: wear anti-benzene and oil-resistant gloves.

Other: Smoking, eating and drinking are prohibited at the work site. Change work clothes in time. Don't drink alcohol before and after work, bathe with warm water. Watch out for poison detection. Pre-employment and regular medical examinations are carried out.

First aid measures

Skin contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing and rinse skin thoroughly with soap and water. Seek medical attention.

Eye contact: Lift the eyelid and flush with flowing water or normal saline. Seek medical attention.

Inhalation: quickly leave the scene to fresh air. Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If breathing stops, give artificial respiration immediately. Seek medical attention.

Intake: Drink plenty of warm water, induce vomiting, seek medical advice.

Fire fighting method: firefighters must wear gas masks and full-body fire fighting clothing. Spray water to cool the container and move the container from the fire to an open area if possible. Extinguishing agent: mist water, anti-soluble foam, carbon dioxide, sand