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Potassium hydroxide

Potassium hydroxide (chemical formula: KOH, formula: 56.1) is a white powder or flaky solid. Melting point 380 ℃, boiling point 1324 ℃, relative density 2.04g/cm3, refractive index n20/D1.421, vapor pressure 1mmHg (719 ℃). Its properties are similar to caustic soda, with strong alkalinity and corrosiveness. The pH of a 0.1mol/L solution is 13.5. Highly susceptible to absorbing moisture from the air and deliquescence, absorbing carbon dioxide to form potassium carbonate. Dissolve in approximately 0.6 parts hot water, 0.9 parts cold water, 3 parts ethanol, 2.5 parts glycerol, and slightly soluble in ether. When dissolved in water, alcohol, or treated with acid, a large amount of heat is generated. Moderate toxicity, LD50 (rat, oral) 1230mg/kg.

Product Description

Specification parameters

中文别名 苛性钾、苛性碱、钾灰
英文名称 Potassium hydroxide
分子式 KOH
分子量 56.11
密度 2.044
熔点 360℃
沸点 1320 ºC
闪点 52 °F
外观与性状 白色粉末或片状固体
稳定性 稳定
禁配物 强酸、易燃或可燃物、二氧化碳、酸酐、酰基氯
CAS登记号 71769-53-4
EINECS登录号 215-181-3
管制类型 腐蚀

 

Essential information

It has alkaline properties, is easily soluble in water, and has strong corrosiveness. Dissolve in water and release a large amount of heat. And due to the decomposition effect of hydroxides on carbohydrates, the danger of acid corrosion is more serious. Skin corroded by potassium hydroxide usually presents deep burns and is difficult to heal. Once the eyes or skin come into contact with potassium hydroxide, the injured area should be quickly rinsed with water for more than 15 minutes and seek medical attention immediately; Oral administration can burn the digestive tract and can be fatal.

 

Application area 

1. Used as a desiccant, absorbent, for the production of oxalic acid and various potassium salts, as well as for electroplating, carving, lithography, etc
2. Mainly used as raw materials for potassium salt production, such as potassium permanganate, potassium carbonate, etc. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used for the production of potassium borohydride, spironolactone, saxaglycone, testosterone propionate, etc. Used in light industry for the production of potassium soap, alkaline batteries, cosmetics (such as cold cream, snow cream, and shampoo). In the dye industry, it is used to produce reducing dyes such as Reduced Blue RSN. In the electrochemical industry, it is used for electroplating, engraving, etc. In the textile industry, it is used for printing and dyeing, bleaching, and silk finishing, and is widely used as the main raw material for manufacturing synthetic fibers and polyester fibers. In addition, it is also used as a metallurgical heating agent and leather degreasing agent.
3. Basic chemical raw materials used in pharmaceuticals, daily chemical industry, etc.
4. Used as an absorbent for analytical reagents, saponification reagents, carbon dioxide, and water.  
5. The daily chemical industry uses it as a raw material for manufacturing laundry soap, shampoo soft soap, snow cream, cold cream, shampoo, etc. The pharmaceutical industry uses it to manufacture raw materials such as progesterone and vanillin. The dye industry is used to manufacture melamine dyes. The battery industry is used to manufacture alkaline batteries.

 

Packaging, Storage, Transportation, and Safety

Transportation precautions: During railway transportation, steel drum packaging can be transported by open top cars. When shipping, the packaging should be intact and the loading should be secure. During transportation, it is necessary to ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall, or be damaged. It is strictly prohibited to mix and transport with flammable or combustible materials, acids, edible chemicals, etc. Transport vehicles should be equipped with leak emergency response equipment during transportation;

 

Storage precautions: Store in a cool, dry, and well ventilated warehouse. Stay away from sources of fire and heat. The humidity inside the warehouse should ideally not exceed 85%. The packaging must be sealed to prevent moisture. It should be stored separately from flammable materials, acids, etc., and avoid mixing storage. The storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to contain leaked materials;  
Other: After work, take a shower and change clothes. Pay attention to personal hygiene and cleanliness